OUTLINES

1.     Colonial America, 1607-1760s
2.     The Origins of the Revolution, 1754-1775
3.     The American Revolution, 1775-1783
4.     The Fragile Republic, 1783-1801
5.     Jeffersonians and Jacksonians, 1800-1845
6.     Sectional Estrangement, 1800-1845
7.     The Gathering Storm, 1845-1861
8.     Disaster: The Civil War, 1861-1863
9.     Determination: The Civil War, 1863-1865
10.     Reconstruction, 1865-1877
11.     The "Gilded Age," 1877-1900
12.     Progressivism and the "Great War," 1900-1919
13.     The "Roaring 20s," 1919-1929
14.     The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1929-1939
15.     America and the World: Isolationism, 1919-1941
16.     America and the World: Intervention, 1941-1945
17.     Post-War America, 1945-1953
18.     "Cold War America," 1953-1961
19.     The Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968
20.     Camelot and the Alamo, 1961-1968
21.     America and Vietnam, 1945-1975
22.     National Malaise, 1969-1981
23.     "Reagan's America," 1981-1990
24.     The Aimless 90s, 1990-2001
25.     The Post-9/11 World, 2001 --

I. Colonial America, 1607-1760s  [Readings #1]

1. "Three Worlds Meet"

   1. pre-Columbian peoples

   2. Columbus and his "exchange"

   3. Spanish America  (ca. 1500s)

2. Early English Settlements

   1. the South

      1. Roanoke  (1580s)

      2. Jamestown  (1607)

   2. the North

      1. Massachusetts  (1620)

      2. Rhode Island  (1630s)

   3. filling in the gaps

      1. Maryland  (1630s)

      2. the Carolinas  (1660s)

      3. Pennsylvania  (1680s)

      4. Georgia  (1730s)

3. Life in Colonial America

   1. day-to-day life

   2. the role of women

   3. the "Great Awakening"

4. African Slavery

   1. the economics of slavery

   2. the slave trade  (α β γ δ ε)

   3. life as a slave  (α β γ δ ε)

5. Rivals
   1. American Indians
   2. the Spanish
   3. the French
6. Norfolk's Academy

II. The Origins of the Revolution,
    1754-1775  [Readings #2]

1. Structural Factors

   1. economic expansion

   2. colonial "lower houses"

   3. republican ideology

      1. John Locke  (1632-1704)

2. The Seven Years' War, 1754-1763

   1. disastrous victory?

3. Taxes

   1. the Sugar Act  (1764)

   2. the Stamp Act  (1765)

   3. the Declaratory Act  (1766)

   4. the Townshend Duties  (1767)

4. Boston
   1. the Boston "Massacre"  (1770)
   2. the Boston "Tea Party"  (1773)
   3. the "Intolerable Acts"  (1774)
   4. Lexington and Concord  (April 1775)
5. The "American Revolution" -- Already Over?
6. Norfolk's Academy

III. The American Revolution,
     1775-1783  [Readings #3]

1. Opening Shots

   1. Lexington and Concord 
      (April 1775)

   2. Bunker Hill  (June 1775)

2. Revolutionary Politics
   1. the 1st Continental Congress
   2. the 2nd Continental Congress
      1. the Declaration of Independence  (July 1776)
   3. the Articles of Confederation
3. Military History?
   1. British advantages
   2. colonial advantages
4. The War in the North
   1. New York and Philadelphia, 1776-1777
   2. Saratoga  (October 1777)
5. The War in the South
   1. civil war
   2. guerrilla warfare
   3. the Carolina campaigns, 1780-1781
   4. Yorktown  (October 1781)
6. The Treaty of Paris (1783)
7. Norfolk's Academy

IV. The Fragile Republic,
     1783-1801  [Readings #4]

1. "Post-War Blues"

2. The Articles of Confederation

   1. Shays's Rebellion  (1786)

3. The Constitutional Convention  (1787)

   1. "checks and balances"

   2. the "Great Compromise"

   3. slavery

   4. ratification  (1788)

      1. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

      2. the Bill of Rights  (1791)

4. The Washington Administration, 1789-1797
   1. the French Revolution, 1789-
   2. Federalists vs. Jeffersonian-Republicans
   3. the Whiskey Rebellion  (1794)
5. The Adams Administration, 1797-1801
   1. XYZ and the Quasi-War with France, 1797-1801
   2. the Alien and Sedition Acts  (1798)
6. Norfolk's Academy

V. Jeffersonians and Jacksonians,
    1800-1845  [Readings #5]

1. Thomas Jefferson

   1. the "Revolution of 1800"

   2. Jeffersonian hypocrisy

   3. the Louisiana Purchase  (1803)

   4. "o grab me"  (1807-1809)

2. Jeffersonian America

   1. Jeffersonian democracy

   2. the "Second Great Awakening"

3. The War of 1812

   1. origins

   2. [insert war here]

   3. New England's response

4. The "Era of Good Feelings"
   1. more Virginians
   2. John Quincy Adams

5. Jacksonian Democracy

   1. Andy Jackson  (α β γ)

   2. the "era of the common man"

6. Jacksonian America

   1. the nullification crisis  (1832)

   2. Jackson's "war on the bank"

   3. American Indian removals

   4. Whigs  (α β γ δ ε)

7. John Marshall's Supreme Court  ("r." 1801-1835)
8. Norfolk's Academy

VI. Sectional Estrangement,
    1800-1845  [Readings #6]

1. Roots

   1. the Constitution

   2. "States' Rights"

2. The Missouri Compromise (1820)

3. Northern Economic Expansion

   1. canals

   2. railroads

   3. factories

4. The Antebellum South
   1. "King Cotton  (α β γ)
   2. white society  (α β γ)
   3. black society  (α β γ δ ε)
   4. the underground railroad  (α β)
5. Reform Movements
   1. abolitionism  (α β γ δ)
   2. women's rights
6. Norfolk's Academy

VII. The Gathering Storm,
     1845-1861  [Readings #7]

1. "Manifest Destiny"

   1. Texas, 1835-1845

   2. "54'40 or fight"

   3. the Mexican-American War, 1846-1848

   4. "go west young man"

2. Crises of the 1850s

   1. the Compromise of 1850

   2. "Bleeding Kansas"

   3. the Dred Scott decision  (1857)

   4. John Brown's raid  (1859)

3. The Election of 1860

   1. four candidates

4. Secession

   1. Fort Sumter  (April 1861)

5. So, Did Slavery Cause the Civil War? 
6. Norfolk's Academy

VIII. Disaster: The Civil War,
      1861-1863  [Readings #8]

1. Choosing Sides

   1. the border states

   2. mobilization

2. "The Big Picture"

   1. Northern advantages

   2. Southern advantages

   3. Northern strategy

   4. Southern strategy

3. "First Blood"

   1. military technology

   2. First Manassas  (July 1861)

4. Stalemate in the East
   1. the Peninsula Campaign (1862)
   2. Antietam  (September 1862)
      1. the Emancipation Proclamation
   3. Fredricksburg  (December 1862)
5. The War in the West
   1. forts and ports
   2. Shiloh  (April 1862)
6. Life as a Soldier
   1. "Billy Yank" and "Johnny Reb"
   2. Civil War "medicine"
7. The "Home Front"
   1. popular support and conscription
   2. wartime economies
   3. the role of women
   4. repression and destruction
8. Norfolk's Academy

IX. Determination: The Civil
     War, 1863-1865  [Readings #9]

1. 1863: The Critical Year

   1. Vicksburg  (July 1863)

   2. Gettysburg  (July 1863)

      1. the aftermath of a battle

      2. the Gettysburg Address  (November 1863)

   3. black soldiers

   4. the blockade

2. Total War

   1. Grant vs. Lee

      1. the Wilderness Campaign  (May 1864)

      2. the siege of Petersburg

   2. Sherman's march  (September-December 1864)

3. The Election of 1864

4. Endgame
   1. Appomattox  (April 1865)
5. The Legacy of the War
   1. Lincoln's assassination  (April 1865)
6. Norfolk's Academy

X. Reconstruction,
    1865-1877  [Readings #10]

1. Post-War Chaos

   1. wartime reconstruction ("contrabands")

   2. freedom

2. Freedmen

   1. finding family, education, and building communities

   2. land and labor (before and after)

   3. the Freedmen's Bureau  (α β γ δ ε)

3. White Resistance

   1. black codes

   2. violence, violence, and violence

4. The Politics of Reconstruction

   1. Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1866

      1. Andrew Johnson, 1865-1869

   2. Congressional Reconstruction, 1866-1869

      1. the 14th Amendment

   3. Johnson's impeachment (1868)

5. The Republican South

   1. Republican rule

   2. "carpetbaggers"

   3. "scalawags"

6. The North during Reconstruction

7. The Grant Administration

   1. corruption

   2. "redemption"

   3. the "Compromise of 1877"

8. The Legacy of Reconstruction

9. Norfolk's Academy

XI. The "Gilded Age,"
     1877-1900  [Readings #11] 

1. Industrialization

   1. railroads

   2. communications

   3. "Robber Barons"

   4. the workers

   5. societal changes

2. Responses to Industrialization

   1. labor unions

   2. ideological responses

   3. cultural responses

   4. black responses

3. The Wild (?) West

   1. American Indians

      1. Wounded Knee

   2. the Turner thesis

   3. farmers

4. Politics in the "Gilded Age"

   1. the spoils system

   2. the silver standard

   3. Populism

      1. "the speech"

5. American Imperialism

   1. an aberration?

   2. 1890s

      1. the Spanish-American War  (1898)

      2. the Filipino-American War, 1899-1902

   3. "Open Door" to China

6. Norfolk's Academy

XII. Progressivism and the "Great
     War," 1900-1919  [Readings #12]

1. The Election of 1900

   1. President "Teddy" Roosevelt,
      1901-1909

2. Progressivism

   1. "muckraking"

   2. women and Progressivism

      1. the "social gospel"

   3. presidential Progressivism

3. "Progressive" Imperialism

   1. the Panama Canal

   2. the Roosevelt Corollary

   3. Roosevelt and Asia

4. William Howard Taft, 1909-1913

   1. Progressivism, Taft-style

   2. the election of 1912

5. Wilsonian Idealism, 1913-1917

   1. Professor Wilson

   2. Wilsonian Progressivism

   3. Wilsonian Imperialism

      1. the Mexican Civil War

6. Wilson and World War I, 1914-1919

   1. background: this war is especially bad

   2. American "neutrality," 1914-1917

   3. the bluff gets called

      1. unrestricted submarine warfare  (January 1917)

   4. the "homefront"

   5. "Lafayette, we have returned!" 

   6. Wilson's Fourteen Points

   7. the Treaty of Versailles  (May 1919)

      1. the League of Nations

7. Norfolk's Academy

XIII. The "Roaring 20s,"
       1919-1929  [Readings #13]

1. Modernity vs. Conservatism

   1. the Scopes ("Monkey") Trial  (1925)

   2. Prohibition, 1919-1933  (α)

      1. organized crime

2. Modernity (α β γ)

   1. cars (α β)

   2. advertising

   3. radio

   4. Hollywood

3. Conservatism

   1. Red Scare, 1919-1920

   2. immigration restrictions

      1. Sacco and Vanzetti

   3. the Ku Klux Klan

4. The Politics of "Normalcy"

   1. Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923

   2. Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929

5. Norfolk's Academy

XIV. Great Depression and New
       Deal, 1929-1939  [Readings #14]

1. The Great Depression

   1. "Black Tuesday"  (October 29, 1929)

   2. bank failures

   3. suffering

2. Herbert Hoover, 1929-1933

   1. Hoover's response

3. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1933-1945

   1. Eleanor Roosevelt

4. New Deal: Relief, Recovery, and Reform

   1. "100 days"

   2. bank holiday

   3. "alphabet soup"

5. The "Second New Deal"

   1. Social Security Act  (1935)

   2. "packing the court"  (1937)

6. The New Deal in Retrospect

   1. socialism?

   2. end the Depression?

   3. prevent revolution?

   4. the legacy of the New Deal

7. Norfolk's Academy

XV. America and the World:
       Isolationism, 1919-1941  [Readings #15]

1. Isolationism and Internationalism, 1919-1933

   1. the Dawes Plan  (1924)

   2. arms control

2. The Gathering Storm, 1933-1939

   1. Japanese aggression

   2. German aggression

   3. Soviet aggression

   4. European appeasement

   5. American isolationism

3. The War in Europe, 1939-1941

   1. German conquest

   2. American "neutrality"

      1. Cash and Carry

      2. Lend-Lease

      3. the United States Navy

4. 1941: The Critical Year

   1. Germany invades the Soviet Union  (June 1941)

   2. Pearl Harbor  (December 1941)

5. Norfolk's Academy

XVI. America and the World:
        Intervention, 1941-1945  [Readings #16]

1. Japan "Runs Wild," 1941-1942

   1. the Philippines

   2. check at Midway  (June 1942)

2. The War Against Germany, 1942-1944

   1. the Battle of the Atlantic

   2. strategic bombing

   3. D-Day  (June 1944)

      1. "Eisenhower's War"

   4. the meeting at the Elbe

3. The War in the Pacific, 1942-1944

   1. Guadalcanal

   2. "island-hopping"

   3. submarines

   4. Hiroshima and Nagasaki  (August 1945)

      1. the "Manhattan Project"

4. The "Home Front"

   1. opportunities

      1. for women

      2. for minorities

   2. intolerance

      1. Nisei

5. The World in 1945

   1. the living

   2. the dead

6. Norfolk's Academy

XVII. Post-War America,
       1945-1953  [Readings #17]

1. The Origins of the Cold War

   1. Europe divided

2. "Containment"

   1. rebuilding Europe

      1. e.g. Marshall Plan, Berlin Airlift

   2. rearming Europe

      1. e.g. Truman Doctrine, NATO

   3. the "national security state"

      1. NSC-68  (1950)

      2. the nuclear arms race

3. The Korean War, 1950-1953

   1. disaster, triumph, hubris, and then another disaster

   2. stalemate

4. Post-War America

   1. Harry S. Truman, 1945-1953

   2. return of the GIs

   3. life "under the cloud"

   4. the "Second Red Scare"

      1. HUAC

      2. McCarthyism

5. Norfolk's Academy

XVIII. "Cold War America,"
        1953-1961  [Readings #18]

1. Dwight David Eisenhower, 1953-1961

   1. Eisenhower the "New Dealer"?

2. Ike's Cold War

   1. the death of Stalin  (March 1953)

   2. the end of the Korean War

   3. the "New Look"

   4. the "hidden-hand presidency"

3. "The 50s"

   1. economic growth

   2. "Ozzie and Harriet"

   3. restlessness

   4. sex

4. "Mutual Assured Destruction"

   1. the nuclear arms race

      1. Sputnik!  (October 1957)

   2. the People's Republic of China

   3. Nikita Khrushchev, U-2s, and Disneyworld

5. Norfolk's Academy

XIX. The Civil Rights Movement,
       1945-1968  [Readings #19]

1. Context: The Segregated South

   1. Emmett Till

   2. "Jim Crow" laws

   3. voting in the South

2. Post-War Beginnings

   1. desegregation of the military

   2. Jackie Robinson

3. Brown v. Board  (1954)

   1. the Montgomery Bus Boycott,
      1955-1956

      1. Martin Luther King, Jr.

   2. the Little Rock Nine  (1957)

   3. James Meredith and "Ole Miss"  (1962)

4. Non-Violent Resistance

   1. sit-ins, 1960 --

   2. "freedom rides," 1961 --

   3. Birmingham  (1963)

   4. "I have a dream"  (August 1963)

5. The Federal Government and the Civil Rights Movement

   1. Kennedy and the Civil Rights Movement

   2. the FBI and its campaign against

      1. the Ku Klux Klan

      2. Martin Luther King, Jr.

   3. Johnson and the Civil Rights Movement

6. "Black Power"

   1. the Nation of Islam

      1. Malcolm X

   2. Black Panthers

7. Norfolk's Academy

XX. Camelot and the Alamo,
      1961-1968  [Readings #20]

1. John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961-1963

   1. dirt

   2. the election of 1960

   3. inspiration

2. The "New Frontier"

3. "Flexible Response"

   1. the (2nd) Berlin Crisis  (1961)

   2. Cuban Crises, 1961-1962

      1. the "Bay of Pigs"  (1961)

      2. the Cuban Missile Crisis  (October 1962)

4. Kennedy's Assassination  (November 1963)

   1. the transition of power

5. Lyndon Baines Johnson, 1963-1969

   1. "means of ascent"

   2. the "Great Society"

6. The Space Race

   1. Mercury

   2. Apollo

7. 1968: "The Terrible Year"

   1. Vietnam

   2. assassinations

   3. the election of 1968

8. Norfolk's Academy

XXI. America and Vietnam,
      1945-1975  [Readings #21]

1. The "French War"

   1. Vietnamese nationalism

   2. the Geneva Accords  (July 1954)

2. The Republic of South Vietnam

   1. Ngo Dinh Diem

   2. Kennedy and Vietnam

3. Americanizing the War

   1. the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution  (August 1964)

   2. the escalation of 1965

4. "Search and Destroy"

   1. the experience of war

   2. the Tet Offensive  (January 1968)

5. Nixon and Vietnam

   1. Vietnamization

   2. peace talks

6. "The Mobe"

   1. "hippies"

   2. the "silent majority"?

7. Endgame

   1. the fall of Saigon  (April 1975)

8. Norfolk's Academy

XXII. National Malaise,
        1969-1981  [Readings #22]

1. Richard Milhous Nixon, 1969-1974

   1. "Nixinger"

   2. rapprochement with China

   3. détente

2. Watergate

   1. Nixon's resignation  (August 1974)

   2. the Ford interlude, 1974-1977

3. Social Upheaval

   1. the women's movement

   2. other social movements

   3. "fashion malaise"

      1. disco

4. James Earl Carter, Jr., 1977-1981

5. Economic "Malaise"

   1. the energy crisis

6. Carter's Foreign Policy

   1. human rights

   2. Carter and the Cold War

   3. the Iranian hostage crisis

      1. "Desert One"  (April 1980)

7. (Carter as Ex-President)

8. Norfolk's Academy

XXIII. "Reagan's America,"
          1981-1990  [Readings #23]

1. Ronald Wilson Reagan, 1981-1989

2. Renewed Cold War

   1. the "evil empire"

   2. the Reagan Doctrine

      1. the Iran-Contra Affair, 1985-1986

   3. Gorbachev

3. "Bright Lights, Big City"

   1. economic growth

      1. the national debt

   2. the space program

   3. AIDS

4. George Herbert Walker Bush, 1989-1993

   1. the "vision thing"

   2. "it's the economy, stupid!"

5. The End of the Cold War

   1. Tiananmen Square  (June 1989)

   2. the fall of the Berlin Wall  (November 1989)

   3. the collapse of the Soviet Union  (August 1991)

6. Norfolk's Academy

XXIV. The Aimless 90s,
          1990-2001  [Readings #24]

1. A "New World Order"?

   1. the 1991 Gulf War

2. "Nests of Vipers"

   1. Somalia  (1993)

   2. Haiti  (1994)

   3. Yugoslavia, 1991 --

   4. Iraq, 1991-2001

   5. the rise of Al-Qaeda

3. William Jefferson Clinton, 1993-2001

   1. "New Democrats"

   2. Bill vs. Newt, 1994-1998

   3. impeachment

4. A "Global Village"?

   1. the internet

   2. Y2K hysteria

5. The Election of 2000

6. Norfolk's Academy

XXV. The Post-9/11 World, 2001 --  [Readings #25] 

1. George W. Bush, 2001-2009

   1. election of 2000

2. September 11, 2001

   1. New York

   2. Washington

   3. Pennsylvania

3. The "War on Terror," 2001 --

   1. an "Axis of Evil"? 

   2. Afghanistan, 2001 --

4. Iraq

   1. weapons of mass destruction?

   2. the invasion  (2003)

   3. Saddam and the "former regime elements"

   4. the insurgency, 2003 --

5. Barack Obama

   1. the economic crisis of 2008 --

6. Norfolk's Academy  (α β γ δ ε)